Ductless Air Conditioning Systems

Ductless split-system air conditioners combine the zone control of window or through-the-wall units, with the whole-house cooling capabilities of central systems.  Like central systems, they have two main components, a compressor-condenser unit (outdoors) and an air-handler containing an evaporator coil and a fan (indoors.)  In milder climates, some systems function as heat pumps, providing primary heating as well as cooling.  The compressor/condenser section is located outdoors, and the relatively quiet evaporator/fan unit is located within the indoor space to be cooled.  The two halves are linked only by the coolant tubing.

Note:  The term, "split-system," can also be used to describe central air-conditioners and heat pumps.  If you're shopping for "ductless" systems, make sure the dealer understands which system you are looking for.  Ductless split-systems are sometimes referred to as "mini-splits."

 

Advantages

• Easier installation than central systems
• Air ducts not required
• Zone control provides balanced comfort and energy savings
• Quieter than window or thru-wall units
• More secure than window air conditioners.
• Eliminates losses common in air ducts

Disadvantages

• Split-system air conditioners cost about $1,500-$2,000 per ton (12,000 Btu/h) of cooling capacity.  This is about 30% more than central systems, and may cost twice as much as window units of similar capacity.
• Qualified contractors may be difficult to located in many smaller centres, until these systems are in wider usage.